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In a pandemic outbreak

AN OUTBREAK OF A PANDEMIC

The Real English Academy defines pandemic as "e epidemic that ISEASE extends to many countries, or that attacks almost all individuals in a locality or region " . The map of countries that have reported outbreaks of the so-called "bird flu" or "bird flu" is a clear example of a pandemic (see map to January 2006).

Our attention has focused on whether or not delivery Vicente Castaño, have an abortion or not the child of 11 years or at the latest "no tits no paradise", but no eggs or roasted or grilled chicken there will be no paradise. Few care about the scourge that is plaguing Asian and African countries, the bird flu virus. Those of us who do those "blind eye", simply because they were not infected or because there is a risk we see distant in time and distance, know the true effects of this threat, of this pandemic.

invite you to read this little compilation of what is happening in the world in recent months with the plague "Discovey Channel rightly called" biological pump " [ 1] . It begins with a description of what the avian flu virus and ends with the latest worldwide news on the progress of this "flying fever"

What is avian influenza?

Avian influenza, also known as bird flu or the plague of birds, was first identified in Italy more than 100 years. It is a highly contagious viral disease caused by type A strains of flu virus that can affect all species of birds.

According World Organization of Health Organization (WHO), the avian influenza virus are members of the family Orthomyxoviridae, genus Influenzavirus Type A. These viruses are divided into subtypes on the basis of their membrane proteins hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). To date, 15 subtypes of hemagglutinin recognizing the influenza virus (H1-H15) and 9 subtypes of neuraminidase (N1-N9). Outbreaks of highly pathogenic forms have been caused by influenza A viruses of subtypes H5 and H7, including H5N1 known.

H5N1 is the most concerns scientists because it is a strain mutates rapidly and their tendency to acquire genes from viruses infecting other animal species. Its ability to cause severe disease in humans has now been documented on several occasions (see table August 2006). Laboratory studies have shown that isolates from this virus can have serious effects in humans. Birds that survive infection excrete virus for at least 10 days, orally and in faeces, thus facilitating further spread in the markets for live poultry and through migratory birds (WHO).

Effects on birds

The infection causes symptoms in birds, ranging from mild illness sometimes manifested as ruffled feathers or the decrease in egg production up disease highly contagious and rapidly fatal known as highly pathogenic avian influenza. " This form is characterized by sudden onset, severe illness and rapid death, with a mortality that can approach 100%. Birds can die on the day of onset of symptoms (WHO).

effects in humans

Although there is scientific controversy on the possible human infection, it appears that these viruses mutate, and they "see" more attractive human body than the hacks. The symptoms of bird flu symptoms in humans range from typical flu-like (Fever, cough, sore throat and muscle aches) to eye infections, pneumonia, acute respiratory distress and other serious complications that may pose a threat to life. WHO says he to human disease seems to begin with a respiratory acute fever (above 38 º C ) cough , respiratory distress and malaise , evolving towards a Table severe "distress" breathing secondary to viral pneumonia. The truth is that every day more human infections have been reported (see Table 1)

Table 1. Statistics on August 23, 2006 of human victims

confirmed Numbers WHO - Avian Influenza A / (H5N1) [2]

Country

	2003		2004		2005		2006 Total
	cases	deaths	cases	deaths	cases	deaths	cases	deaths	cases	deaths
Azerbaijan	0	0	0	0	0	0	8	5	8	5
Camboya	0	0	0	0	4	4	2	2	6	6
China	1	1	0	0	8	5	12	8	21	14
Djibouti	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0
Egipto	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	6	14	6
Indonesia	0	0	0	0	17	11	43	35	60	46
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	2	2	2
Tailandia	0	0	17	12	5	2	2	2	24	16
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	4	12	4
Vietnam	3	3	29	20	61	19	0	0	93	42
Total	4	4	46	32	95	41	96	64	241	141

Table 2. Human victims in the last months of 2006

Country	Region	2005	2006
			May June		July	ago
Azerbaijan	western Asia	0	5	5	5	5
Cambodia	Southeast Asia	4	2	2	2	2
China	East Asia	5	7	7	7	8
Egypt	North Africa	0	6	6	6	6
Indonesia	Sudeste de Asia	11	22	28	31	35
Iraq	Southeast Asia	0	2	2	2	2
Thailand	Southeast Asia	2	0	0	1	2
Turkey	Between Asia ( 97%) and Europe (3%)	0	4	4	4	4
Total		41	48	54	58	64

In May 2006 the victims than those recorded in 2005. In 2005 the mortality rate of virus infection was 43% in 2006 is 67%.

What has been reported in recent months

In May

There much fear

investigators write in Science bird flu to reiterate its concern a pandemic bird flu (Source: Science ).

eradication is not secure

Romania has detected a new outbreak of H5N1 in poultry, barely a month after it had announced eradication (Source: Reuters).

Hope is the last thing you lose

vaccine is expected that a Vietnamese bird flu to be tested in August (Source: Thanh Nien News.com).

There is fear to disclose what is happening

A report by an Iranian military doctor saying that a brother and a sister had died of bird flu was denied by the Iranian minister of health, who insisted that the evidence were negative; WHO has called on Iran details the tests (Source: Reuters).

And in America?

Plans for a regional complex for diagnosis of H5N1 virus are under discussion between the Pan American Health Organization, the department of epidemiology Caribbean and the Ministry of Health Trinidad (Source: Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation).

If you know that we got the H5N1 virus, eat chicken? For your information, is not spread by eating, say scientists

The poultry industry in Yemen is losing about a million dollars a day due to bird flu fears , say officials of the Ministry of Agriculture (Source: Reuters).

victims continue to grow

human deaths caused by the H5N1 virus have been found mainly by exposure to backyard poultry, rather than working on farms in poultry, says the Egyptian Ministry of health (Source: Reuters).

Eye with Indonesia (see pictures)

WHO has confirmed six new cases of people infected with bird flu in Indonesia, three of whom have died (Source: Reuters)

In June

is still watering

Scientists in Europe have confirmed a new outbreak of H5N1 in southern Nigeria (Source: Reuters).

Threat of Pandemic

cases of avian virus in Indonesia in the last month, reflects the poor preparation of the international community to respond to the threat of a pandemic (Source: nature).

panic follows

over 1000 kill poultry in an Indonesian village in the Tasikmalaya district of East Java, where an analysis hints that the death of a 15-year-old was due to the avian virus (Source: Associated Press).

The World Bank and other Bangladesh international agencies to deliver two million dollars in aid to this country to combat bird flu outbreaks (Source: Reuters)

The risk is fashionable

The first international scientific journal dedicated to the avian virus was launched by Blackwell Publishing under the title "Influenza and Other Respiratory Virases" (Source: PharmaLive).

The thing is serious

bird flu experts at a meeting last week, said it takes a special international task force to coordinate research on avian influenza in developing countries (Source : SciDev.net)

An international team of researchers is studying the virus before the flu pandemic of 1918, to understand how the flu virus happens to each other (source: )

In July

came to Europe

The director of the Animal Health Laboratory Basque Derio (Bilbao), Ramón Juste, confirmed today, told Europa Press, which analyzed the bird from a wetland of Alava has tested positive for bird flu results (in the variant of the H5N1 virus). However, these results have been sent to the reference laboratory in Madrid. According Juste, is a 'loon', a type of waterfowl that are not usually known for being highly migratory, so it is possible that had been infected by other migratory birds carrying the H5N1 virus. "It's very difficult to make a thorough survey on all migratory birds," he said. ( http://actualidad.terra.es )

The monitoring committee for avian influenza control in the Basque Country has decided to withdraw from tomorrow the emergency measures laid down in around the wetland Vitoria Salburua the finding of no new cases of the disease following the discovery of a great crested grebe infected with H5N1 (es.news.yahoo.com)

Tsunami , earthquakes and bird flu it off

The variety of bird flu that killed seven members of an Indonesian family in May was mutating when extended from person to person, according to confidential data presented at a closed meeting of experts last month (source: nature )

In August

The first victim

China officially confirmed that the first death from bird flu was in November 2003 (Source: SciDev.net)

should be immunized

The researchers caution that at least 95 percent of poultry need to be protected by a vaccine to prevent H5N1 from spreading

Already is top-secret?

Scientists call for the secrets of bird flu to be shared (Source: SciDev.net)

Indonesia Again

The misfortunes accumulate in Indonesia and his bad luck can start to overflow and affect neighboring countries. WHO has confirmed a new case of bird flu in the Asian archipelago, and are 60. The infected by H5N1 is a six year old girl, a resident of West Java province, which began to show symptoms of the disease on August 6 (Source: ABC.es).

Are we ready?

In the latter case, the number of infected in the world rises to 96. Already exceeds the level reached in any previous year and has not yet come fall. When you arrive, resume travel of migratory birds and they increase the risk of spreading the virus. Are we ready? "We really can happen in our countries with the spread of this virus? We learned to live with other risks, such as AIDS; Do you take anything, live with the absence of our feathered friends? To change our diet economic supply of eggs to expensive beef or pork traded in the FTA? Do we really know that it is a pandemic? Are your economic implications, social and cultural rights?

final note

What most lay people ignore is why scientists are concerned? The answer is simple, and the ravages of live H1N1 virus, which mutated in 1918, during World War, causing the epidemic of flu called English, which killed between 20 and 40 million people. This number of deaths was higher than the war itself, than the famous Black Death. It was named so because in those years, Spain was one of the few countries in Europe where there was no censorship of the war, what was the English press first reported on the epidemic. [3]

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[1] On June 18 issued a document with this title

[2 ] WHO reports only laboratory-confirmed cases

[3] Influenza, or more accurately the English flu, has left its mark of devastation, both in the history of the world and in the United States. The murderer turned the microscopic world in four months and claimed more than 21 million lives. In the United States lost 675,000 people due to the English flu, more casualties than the First and the Second World Wars, the Korean War and Vietnam War combined. Pharmaceutical companies worked day and night to produce a vaccine, but the virus disappeared before he could even isolate ( The Journal of the Pan American Health of , Volume 8, Number 3, 2003)